Support in bereavement

A few pointers on the road to mourning

Time of death

The moment of a loved one's death is the strongest shock, often felt more physically than intellectually. People who are confronted with the death of a loved one speak of a state of anesthesia and shock, an intense emotional shock that leaves them unresponsive and sometimes speechless. If you feel guilt or remorse, share it with the medical teams, your doctor and/or a psychologist: this feeling, which is common, can be alleviated by asking for explanations about the circumstances of your loved one's death. Guilt can hinder and prolong the grieving process: it's important to try to limit it as much as possible. 

Funerals

They represent an emotionally powerful moment, which may seem difficult to bear because it ratifies the definitive separation, but they allow you to say goodbye and be surrounded by affection. Take time to think about what's important to you, and how you want your loved one's funeral to be handled, in accordance with your beliefs and wishes. Don't hesitate to ask for help, both in organizing the funeral and in coping with everyday life. 

The work of mourning

It's a very special time, a personal journey of imbalances that takes time and energy, as well as inner work that will take you from moments of suffering to moments of healing. These moments come and go in different ways for each of us. This work of taming absence is long and difficult. You have to give yourself time, be tolerant and patient with yourself and others. Mourning does not mean forgetting; it means admitting that life is now different, and living with the scar left by the loss of a loved one. 

As you progress, you will be confronted with different feelings:

  • Powerlessness and despondency : You may feel emptied of all substance, annihilated; you may feel like automatons, hanging on to life only by the thread of habit. Being well surrounded and staying in action can be useful means of comfort.
  • Denial: The mind may try to protect itself from reality by ignoring the reality of the loss. Denial can manifest itself by pretending that the loved one is still present. This period, which is generally fleeting, allows us to give ourselves a little time before confronting a reality that is still too painful. It can be surprising for those around you, who do not experience this feeling, making communication difficult and conflictual. 
  • Physical problems: Your suffering may be felt in your body, and you may suffer from a feeling of general malaise, insomnia, stomachaches, headaches or loss of appetite... You may also feel slowed down in your movements and thoughts: your energy is turned inwards and all your thoughts are for your loved one. Symptomatic treatments can help, and eating in good company can stimulate the appetite.
  • Revolt and anger: You'll experience a variety of feelings: a sense of revolt and injustice at the loss of your loved one, incessant questioning or the search for an explanation, or even someone to blame. It can be useful to do some psychological work on yourself to get rid of this anger and make it easier to accept the situation. 
  • Guilt: You may feel guilty and think incessantly about what you did or didn't do. Many people consider guilt to be the greatest, longest and most complex form of suffering. Here again, psychological work will help you to avoid unnecessary guilt and facilitate the grieving process. 
  • Daily reminders: In the early days, daily life will be full of little events that remind you of your loved one's absence: returning to places still full of your loved one's presence, seeing a happy family, family celebrations... Open up to your loved ones, seek comfort, and allow yourself to cry and receive support and affection.
  • Loneliness and despair: In the grip of intense moral distress, you may feel hopeless, depressed, have no taste for anything and dread the day ahead. Overwhelmed by your suffering, you may believe you're going mad, and even want to die. All these feelings testify to the intensity of your pain and distress. Opening up to others is very important, but revealing your suffering to others is not easy. Don't hesitate to ask for help from a competent person, such as a psychiatrist or psychologist.

Your loved one has died. How can you go on living?

  • Give yourself the right to grieve, to express your sadness and to cry. You're not fragile or abnormal: you're in mourning.
  • Accept that you may feel limited and tired: grief requires a lot of energy and sleep can be a good way to let the mind work and move forward in the grieving process.
  • Don't isolate yourself, talk to those around you and don't hesitate to express your needs: you may prefer to talk about your loved one, or you may prefer to take your mind off things altogether.
  • Take care of yourself, get plenty of rest, eat a balanced diet, ask for help with everyday life. 
  • Identify the people and activities that make you feel good. Encourage these encounters and schedule these activities
  • Don't be too ambitious and set simple goals. Say, "I'm going to make a real meal today" or "I'm taking a walk to the park" or "I'm going to swim for an hour" rather than "I've got to get better". Every little victory over sadness puts you back on the path of life.
  • Don't let others tell you what to do: the people around you will think they're helping you by giving you lots of advice. Some will be appropriate, others not. Remember, only you know what's right for you.
  • Put off the big decisions that could change the course of your life forever: changing jobs, moving house, getting divorced, going abroad. This is not the time to make decisions you might regret later.

It's normal that there are times when you don't feel like talking about your loved one, and enjoy being in a place where no one knows what's happened to you. With time, you'll feel happy more often. Don't feel guilty - you have every right to be.

 

You may also encounter more difficulties than you thought in the course of your bereavement. Certain circumstances of death can be risk factors for "complicated bereavement" or "pathological bereavement", a bereavement that lasts over time and handicaps the person experiencing it in their ability to return to a normal life: ask your GP for help, who can prescribe medication to help you get through it, or refer you to specialists. And don't hesitate to consult a psychologist. It's normal to have difficulty coping with a difficult loss, and to need a professional ear that's more emotionally neutral than that of a loved one.

Bereavement in children

Helping children when a loved one dies :

  • Answer your questions simply, without trying to have all the answers.
  • Showing children that death is something they can talk about 
  • Listen to what the child has to say: talk about loved ones and emotions, recognize and accept feelings, offer support 
  • Talk about death without using euphemisms: avoid talking about sleep or departure, which would imply waking up or coming back.
  • Reassure children about their own situation and that of others around them 

Going further: Talking to children about death

 

Funeral

Funerals can be a very supportive family gathering, as well as a very heavy experience for young children. Organizing a time of recollection and remembrance as a family can offer an interesting alternative. 

If the child wishes to attend the funeral, make sure he or she is well prepared for the event and the emotions that will be expressed. Ensure that the child has the support of a calm adult throughout the day. 

Further information on accompanying children in the event of death

Some books to help you through your grief

  • " Aimer, perdre, grandir, assumer les difficultés et les deuils de la vie " Jean Monbourquette, Bayard / Centurion, 1995: This book is a companion, not a treatise or an essay. Conceived above all as a guide, it is addressed particularly to the heart.
  • " Mourning. How to cope? How to overcome it? " Nadine Beautheac, Seuil, 2001: The practical suggestions and information given throughout this book will help those facing bereavement to understand the importance of being able to live out these special days as they wish.
  • " Quand le deuil survient. 80 questions et réponses " Roger Régnier and Line Saint-Pierre, Sciences et culture, Montréal, 2000: In this book, the authors answer the questions they are most frequently asked to provide information, support and comfort to people in mourning.
  • " Vivre le deuil au jour le jour : réapprendre à vivre après la mort d'un proche " Dr. Christophe Faure, J'ai lu, 2001: Helps to better understand grief and the feelings it generates, and to better support those who are suffering. This psychological guide is intended for the bereaved and those around them.
  • " Parler de la mort " Françoise Dolto, Mercure de France, 1998: The text of a conference on various themes: how to talk about death with those who are going to die, with those who no longer wish to live, with those who have lost a loved one, and how to talk about it with children.